Bulk Publish and Unpublish Content

The Bulk publish and unpublish commands allow you to publish entries and assets from multiple content types to one or more environments, and unpublish entries and assets.

• Contentstack account
• CLI installed and configured (version 1.7.0 and above)
• Authentication to use CLI
• A configured management token 

To perform bulk publish and unpublish operations on entries and assets, there are a series of commands that you need to run in the CLI. 

Let's discuss them in detail.

Additional Resource: Contentstack CLI lets you configure rate limits for various bulk publishing operations. Read more about using rate limits for enhanced bulk publishing control.

The cm:entries:publish command lets you publish multiple entries on multiple environments for specific locales.

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:publish --content-types <content_type_uid> --locales <locale_code> -e <environment_name> --stack-api-key <source_stack_api_key>

Note: To avoid bulk publish failure, we recommend you to bulk publish content of one content type at a time.

Options:

• --content-types=content-types: The UID of the content type(s) whose entries you want to publish in bulk. In case of multiple content types, specify the IDs separated by spaces.
• --locales=locales: Locales in which entries will be published, e.g., en-us. In the case of multiple locales, specify the codes separated by spaces.
• -e, --environments=environments: The name of the environment on which entries will be published. In case of multiple environments, specify their names separated by spaces.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk publish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default, the content from the main branch will be published.
• --publish-all-content-types: (optional) Set it to true to bulk publish entries from all content types. If the --content-types option is already used, then you cannot use this option.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-publish=bulk-publish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry publishing the failed entries/ assets from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) The path of the optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.

The cm:entries:publish-modified command lets you publish recently edited entries on a particular environment.

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:publish-modified --content-types <content_type_uid> --source-env <source_environment_name> -e <environment_name>  --locales <locale_code> --stack-api-key <stack_api_key>

Options:

• --content-types=content-types: The UID of the content type(s) whose edited entries you want to publish in bulk. In case of multiple content types, specify the IDs separated by spaces.
• --source-env=source-env: The name of the source environment where the entries were initially published.
• -e, --environments=environments: The name of the environment(s) on which the entries will be published. In case of multiple environments, specify their names separated by spaces.
• --locales=locales: Locales in which entries will be published, e.g., en-us. In the case of multiple locales, specify the codes separated by spaces.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk publish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the entries from the main branch will be published.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-publish=bulk-publish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry publishing the failed entries/assets from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) The path of the optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.

The cm:entries:publish-only-unpublished command lets you publish the unpublished or draft entries on any environment(s).

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:publish-only-unpublished  --content-types <content_type_uid> --source-env <source_environment_name> -e <environment_name>  --locales <locale_code> --stack-api-key <stack_api_key>

Options:

• --content-types=content-types: The UID of the content type(s) whose entries you want to publish in bulk. In case of multiple content types, specify their IDs separated by spaces.
• --source-env=source-env: The name of the source environment where the entries were initially published.
• -e, --environments=environments: The name of the environment on which entries will be published. In case of multiple environments, specify their names separated by spaces.
• --locales=locales: Locale in which entries will be published, e.g., en-us
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk publish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the entries from the main branch will be published.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-publish=bulk-publish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry publishing the failed entries from the logfile. It is optional. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) The path of the optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.

The cm:assets:publish command lets you publish all assets of a particular stack on any environment(s).

Usage:

csdx cm:assets:publish -e <environment_name> --locales <locale_code> --stack-api-key <stack_api_key>

Options:

• -e, --environments=environments: The name of the environment on which entries will be published. In case of multiple environments, specify their names separated by spaces.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk publish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the assets from the main branch will be published.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-publish=bulk-publish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry publishing the failed assets from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• --folder-uid=folder-uid: (optional) The UID of the Assets’ folder from which the assets need to be published. The default value is cs_root.
• --locales=locales: Locales in which assets will be published, e.g., en-us. In the case of multiple locales, specify the codes separated by spaces.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) The path of the optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.

The cm:entries:publish and cm:assets:publish commands let you publish all the entries and assets respectively, from one environment to a newly created or some other environment.

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:publish --source-env <environment_name> --delivery-token <delivery_token> -e <destination_environment_name> --content-types <content_type_uid> --locales <locale_code> --stack-api-key <stack_api_key>

csdx cm:assets:publish --source-env <environment_name> --delivery-token <delivery_token> -e <destination_environment_name> --content-types <content_type_uid> --locales <locale_code> --stack-api-key <stack_api_key>

Options:

• -e, --environments=environments: Target environment.
• --content-types=content-types: The UID of the content type ID whose entries you want to publish in bulk. In case of multiple content types, specify their IDs separated by spaces.
• --locales=locales: Locale in which entries will be published, e.g., en-us
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-publish=bulk-publish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• --delivery-token=delivery-token: The delivery token of the source environment.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed (optional): Use this option to retry publishing the failed entries from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk publish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the content from the main branch will be published.
• --source-env=source-env: Source environment.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config (optional): The path of the optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.

If you add a new field(s) to one or more content types, you have to update and publish the corresponding entries manually. To automate this process, the cm:entries:update-and-publish command lets you update and publish such entries in bulk.

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:update-and-publish --content-types <content_type_uid> --locales <locale_code> -e <environment_name> --stack-api-key <stack_api_key>

Options:

• --content-types=content-types: The UID of the content type ID whose entries you want to publish in bulk. In case of multiple content types, specify their IDs separated by spaces.
• --locales=locales: Locales in which entries will be published, e.g., en-us. In the case of multiple locales, specify the codes separated by spaces.
• -e, --environments=environments: The name of the environment on which entries will be published. In case of multiple environments, specify their names separated by spaces.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-publish=bulk-publish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk publish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the content from the main branch will be published.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry publishing the failed entries from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) The path of the optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.

The cm:entries:publish-non-localized-fields command lets you publish the localized entries if the non-localized field of the master entry is updated.

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:publish-non-localized-fields --content-types <content_type_uid> --source-env <source_environment_name> -e <environment_name> --stack-api-key <stack-api-key>

Options:

• --content-types=content-types: The UID of the content type whose entries you want to publish in bulk. In case of multiple content types, specify their IDs separated by spaces.
• --source-env=source-env: The name of the source environment.
• -e, --environments=environments: The name of the environment on which entries will be published. In case of multiple environments, specify their names separated by spaces.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-publish=bulk-publish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk publish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the content from the main branch will be published.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry publishing the failed entries from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) The path of the optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.

The cm:stacks:publish-revert command lets you unpublish the published entries and restore their version back to 1.

Usage:

csdx cm:stacks:publish-revert --log-file "<logfile_path>"

Options:

• --log-file=log-file: Path of the success logfile of a particular publish action.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry publishing the failed entries from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.

The cm:entries:unpublish and cm:assets:unpublish commands let you unpublish entries and assets respectively, of given content types from a given environment.

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:unpublish -e <environment_name> --locale <locale_code> --stack-api-key <stack_api_key>

csdx cm:assets:unpublish -e <environment_name> --locale <locale_code> --stack-api-key <stack_api_key>

Options:

• -e, --environment=environment: The name of the environment from where entries/assets need to be unpublished.
• --locale=locale: Locale from which entries/assets will be unpublished, e.g., en-us
• --content-type=content-type: The UID of the content type whose entries you want to unpublish in bulk.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-unpublish=bulk-unpublish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• --delivery-token=delivery-token: The delivery token of the source environment.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk unpublish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the content from the main branch will be unpublished.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry unpublishing the failed entries from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed unpublish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) Path of an optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.

The cm:entries:publish command allows you to publish multiple entries with associated variant entries on multiple environments for specific locales.

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:publish --content-types <content_type_uid> --locales <locale_code> -e <environment_name> --stack-api-key <source_stack_api_key> --include-variants

Note: To avoid any failure during the bulk publish operation, it is recommended to bulk publish content of one content type at a time.

Options:

• --content-types=content-types: The UID of the content type(s) whose entries you want to publish in bulk. In case of multiple content types, specify the IDs separated by spaces.
• --locales=locales: Locales in which entries will be published, e.g., en-us. In the case of multiple locales, specify the codes separated by spaces.
• -e, --environments=environments: The name of the environment on which entries will be published. In case of multiple environments, specify their names separated by spaces.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk publish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the content from the main branch will be published.
• --publish-all-content-types: (optional) Set it to true to bulk publish entries from all content types. If the --content-types option is already used, then you cannot use this option.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-publish=bulk-publish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry publishing the failed entries/ assets from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) The path of the optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.
• --include-variants: Set this flag to bulk publish variant entries.

The cm:entries:publish command allows you to publish a single base entry with their associated variant entries on multiple environments for specific locales.

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:publish --content-types <content_type_uid> --locales <locale_code> -e <environment_name> --stack-api-key <source_stack_api_key> --entry-uid <base_entry_uid> --include-variants

Note: To avoid any failure during the bulk publish operation, it is recommended to bulk publish content of one content type at a time.

Options:

• --content-types=content-types: The UID of the content type(s) whose entries you want to publish in bulk. In case of multiple content types, specify the IDs separated by spaces.
• --locales=locales: Locales in which entries will be published, e.g., en-us. In the case of multiple locales, specify the codes separated by spaces.
• -e, --environments=environments: The name of the environment on which entries will be published. In case of multiple environments, specify their names separated by spaces.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk publish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the content from the main branch will be published.
• --publish-all-content-types: (optional) Set it to true to bulk publish entries from all content types. If the --content-types option is already used, then you cannot use this option.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-publish=bulk-publish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry publishing the failed entries/ assets from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed publish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) The path of the optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.
• --entry_uid: The UID of the base entry whose variant entries you want to publish in bulk.
• --include-variants: Set this flag to bulk publish variant entries.

The cm:entries:unpublish command allows you to unpublish entries and their associated variant entries for specific content types from a given environment.

Usage:

csdx cm:entries:unpublish -e <environment_name> --locale <locale_code> --stack-api-key <stack_api_key> --include-variants

Options:

• -e, --environment=environment: The name of the environment from where entries/assets need to be unpublished.
• --locale=locale: Locale from which entries/assets will be unpublished, e.g., en-us
• --content-type=content-type: The UID of the content type whose entries you want to unpublish in bulk.
• --api-version=api-version: API version to be used. Values [Default: 3, Nested Reference Publishing: 3.2].
• --bulk-unpublish=bulk-unpublish: Set this flag to use Contentstack’s Bulk Publish APIs. It is true, by default.
• --delivery-token=delivery-token: The delivery token of the source environment.
• -a, --alias=alias: Alias (name) of the management token. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.
• --branch=branch: The name of the branch where you want to perform the bulk unpublish operation. If you don’t mention the branch name, then by default the content from the main branch will be unpublished.
• --retry-failed=retry-failed: (optional) Use this option to retry unpublishing the failed entries from the logfile. Specify the name of the logfile that lists failed unpublish calls. If this option is used, it will override all other flags.
• -y, --yes: Set it to true to process the command with the current configuration.
• -c, --config=config: (optional) Path of an optional configuration JSON file containing all the options for a single run. Refer to the configure command to create a configuration file.
• --include-variants: Set this flag to bulk publish variant entries.

The cm:stacks:publish-configure command lets you generate a template for the configuration JSON file. It will set the variables for the Bulk Publish commands.

After you generate the configuration file, you can simply use its path in the -c , --config=config option of any Bulk Publish commands. You can view this reference configuration file for Bulk Publish commands.

Usage:

csdx cm:stacks:publish-configure --stack-api-key <stack_api_key>

Option:

• -a, --alias=alias: Name (alias) of the management token you want to use. You must use either the --alias flag or the --stack-api-key flag.
• --stack-api-key=stack-api-key: API key of the source stack. You must use either the --stack-api-key flag or the --alias flag.

• The cm:bulk-publish:add-fields command does not work for custom and mandatory fields.
• To manage API request timing and prevent concurrency issues, add the delayMs parameter to your configuration file to add controlled delays between requests. For example, use delayMs: 1000 (for 1-second delays).