--- title: "Query" description: "Query" url: "https://www.contentstack.com/docs/developers/sdks/content-delivery-sdk/dot-net/reference/query" product: "Contentstack" doc_type: "guide" audience: - developers - admins version: "current" last_updated: "2026-09-22" --- # Query ## Query A class that defines a query that is used to query for Entry instance. When Personalize creates a variant in the CMS, it assigns a "Variant Alias" to identify that specific variant. When fetching entry variants using the Delivery API, you can pass variant aliases in place of variant UIDs in thex-cs-variant-uidheader. ## AddQuery Add a custom query against specified key. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().AddQuery("key", "value").Find(); ``` field uid. field value ## IncludeCount Retrieve count and data of objects in result. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().IncludeCount().Find(); ``` ## IncludeBranch Include branch for publish content. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().IncludeBranch().Find(); ``` ## IncludeFallback Include fallback locale publish content, if specified locale content is not publish. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection entry = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().IncludeFallback().Find(); ``` ## IncludeMetadata The includeMetadata method will add the meta information to the response. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection entry = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().IncludeMetadata().Find(); ``` ## includeEmbeddedItems Include Embedded Objects (Entries and Assets) along with entry/entries details. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection entry = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().includeEmbeddedItems().Find(); ``` ## IncludeOnlyReference Specifies an array of except keys that would be excluded in the response. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection entry = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().IncludeOnlyReference(new String[]{"name", "description"},"referenceUid").Find(); ``` Array of the only reference keys to be included in response. Key who has reference to some other class object. ## IncludeExceptReference Specifies an array of except keys that would be excluded in the response. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection entry = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().IncludeExceptReference(new String[]{"name", "description"},"referenceUid").Find(); ``` Array of the except reference keys to be excluded in response. Key who has reference to some other class object. ## IncludeReference Add a constraint that requires a particular reference key details. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection entry = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().IncludeReference("reference_uid_1").Find(); ``` Key that to be constrained. ## IncludeReferenceContentTypeUID This method also includes the content type UIDs of the referenced entries returned in the response. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().IncludeReferenceContentTypeUID().Find(); ``` ## IncludeReference Add a constraint that requires a particular reference key details. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().IncludeReference(new String[]{"reference_uid_1", "reference_uid_2"}).Find(); ``` Array key that to be constrained. ## ReferenceIn Retrieve entries based reference in query ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentType contentTypeObj = stack.ContentType("contentType_id"); Query query = contentTypeObj.Query(); query.Where("email_address","content@email.com"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().ReferenceIn("user", query).Find(); ``` They key to constraint on Query object ## ReferenceNotIn Retrieve entries based reference not in query ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentType contentTypeObj = stack.ContentType("contentType_id"); Query query = contentTypeObj.Query(); query.Where("email_address","content@email.com"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().ReferenceNotIn("user", query).Find(); ``` The key to constraint on Query object ## Regex Add a regular expression constraint for finding string values that match the provided regular expression. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection entry = await stack.ContentType("content_type_uid").Query().Regex("name", "^browser").Find(); using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection entry = await stack.ContentType("content_type_uid").Query().Regex("name", "^browser", "i").Find(); ``` The key to be constrained. The regular expression pattern to match. Any of the following supported Regular expression modifiers. * use _i_ for case-insensitive matching. * use _m_ for making dot match newlines. * use _x_ for ignoring whitespace in regex ## RemoveQuery Remove provided query key from custom query if exist. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_type_uid").Query().RemoveQuery("query_key").Find(); ``` Query name to remove. ## SetCachePolicy To set cache policy using Query instance. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_type_uid").Query().SetCachePolicy(CachePolicy.NetworkElseCache).Find(); ``` CachePolicy instance ## SetLocale Sets the locale. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_type_uid").Query().SetLocale("en-us").Find(); ``` Locale to fetch entry ## SetHeader To set headers for Contentstack rest calls. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_type_uid").Query().SetHeader("custom_key", "custom_value").Find(); ``` header name. header value against given header name. ## RemoveHeader Remove header key. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection entry = await stack.ContentType("content_type_uid").Query().RemoveHeader("header_to_remove").Find(); ``` key to be remove from header ## WhereTags Include tags with which to search entries. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().WhereTags(new String[] {"tag_1", tag_2}).Find(); ``` Array of tags you want to match in the entries ## Skip The number of objects to skip before returning any. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Skip(20).Find(); ``` No of objects to skip. ## Limit A limit on the number of objects to return. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Limit(20).Find(); ``` No of objects to limit. ## Ascending Sort the results in ascending order with the given key. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Ascending("name").Find(); ``` The key to order by. ## Descending Sort the results in descending order with the given key. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Descending("name").Find(); ``` The key to order by. ## And Combines all the queries together using AND operator ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentType contentTypeObj = stack.ContentType("contentType_id"); Query query1 = contentTypeObj.Query(); query1.Where("username","content"); Query query2 = contentTypeObj.Query(); query2.Where("email_address","content@email.com"); List queryList = new List(); queryList.Add(query1); queryList.Add(query2); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().And(queryList).Find(); ``` List of Query instances on which AND query executes. ## Or Add a constraint to fetch all entries which satisfy any queries. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentType contentTypeObj = stack.ContentType("contentType_id"); Query query1 = contentTypeObj.Query(); query1.Where("username","content"); Query query2 = contentTypeObj.Query(); query2.Where("email_address","content@email.com"); List queryList = new List(); queryList.Add(query1); queryList.Add(query2); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Or(queryList).Find(); ``` List of Query instances on which OR query executes. ## Except Specifies list of field uids that would be excluded from the response. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Except(new String[] {"name", description }).Find(); ``` field uid which get excluded from the response. ## Only Specifies an array of 'only' keys in BASE object that would be 'included' in the response. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Only(new String[] {"name", description }).Find(); ``` Array of the 'only' keys to be included in response. ## Exists Add a constraint that requires, a specified key exists in response. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Exist("title").Find(); ``` The key to be constrained. ## NotExists Add a constraint that requires, a specified key does not exists in response. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().NotExist("title").Find(); ``` The key to be constrained. ## NotEqualTo Add a constraint to the query that requires a particular key's entry to be not equal to the provided value. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().NotEqualTo("title", "Demo").Find(); ``` the key to be constrained. The object that must not be equaled. ## Where Add a constraint to the query that requires a particular key entry's value not be contained in the provided array. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Where("title", "Demo").Find(); ``` the key to be constrained. Field value which get included from the response. ## NotContainedIn Add a constraint to the query that requires a particular key entry's value not be contained in the provided array. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().NotContainedIn("title", new Object[]{ "Demo", "Welcome"}).Find(); ``` the key to be constrained. The list of values the key object should not be. ## ContainedIn Add a constraint to the query that requires a particular key's entry to be contained in the provided array. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().ContainedIn("title", new Object[]{ "Demo", "Welcome"}).Find(); ``` the key to be constrained. The possible values for the key's object. ## LessThanOrEqualTo Add a constraint to the query that requires a particular key entry to be less than or equal to the provided value. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().LessThanOrEqualTo("age", 20).Find(); ``` the key to be constrained. The value that provides an upper bound or equal. ## LessThan Add a constraint to the query that requires a particular key entry to be less than the provided value. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().LessThan("age", 20).Find(); ``` the key to be constrained. The value that provides an upper bound. ## GreaterThanOrEqualTo Add a constraint to the query that requires a particular key entry to be greater than or equal to the provided value. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().GreaterThanOrEqualTo("age", 20).Find(); ``` the key to be constrained. The value that provides a lower bound or equal. ## GreaterThan Add a constraint to the query that requires a particular key entry to be greater than the provided value. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().GreaterThan("age", 20).Find(); ``` the key to be constrained. The value that provides an lower bound. ## Find Execute a Query and Caches its result (Optional) ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Find(); ``` ## FindOne Execute a Query and Caches its result (Optional) ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().FindOne(); ``` ## Count Retrieve only count of entries in result. ``` using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack.ContentType("content_Type_uid").Query().Count(); ``` ## Variants The variants method retrieves details of a specific entry variant or an array of entry variants based on the applied query. When Personalize creates a variant in the CMS, it assigns a "Variant Alias" to identify that specific variant. When fetching entry variants using the Delivery API, you can pass variant aliases in place of variant UIDs in the x-cs-variant-uid header. ``` Example: using Contentstack.Core; using Contentstack.Core.Models; ContentstackClient stack = new ContentstackClient("api_key", "delivery_token", "environment"); ContentstackCollection collection = await stack .ContentType("content_Type_uid") .Query() .Variant(new String[]{"variant_uid1/variant_alias1", "variant_uid2/variant_alias2"}) .Find(); ``` List of variants ## Query ## Query | .NET Delivery SDK | Contentstack Query defines and runs queries for Entry instances in the .NET Delivery SDK, supporting filters and variant aliases for fetching content.